The OCSA Code of Practice

Introduction

The Online Competition Standards Authority (OCSA) provides the UK’s first independent standards framework for prize competitions. Our Code of Practice is built around fairness, transparency, consumer protection, responsible advertising, and prize integrity. All operators seeking certification must comply with these standards in full.

OCSA uses plain, statistical language to describe competition mechanics and avoids gambling or betting terminology.

Terminology and Legal Classification

UK law distinguishes between prize competitions (which rely on genuine skill) and free draws (which rely on chance but provide a genuine free entry route), as defined by the Gambling Act 2005 and interpreted by the Gambling Commission.

For clarity and accessibility, OCSA uses the umbrella term “prize draw competitions” to refer to online competitions that fall outside gambling regulation, including both skill-based prize competitions and chance-based free draws.

Where legal classification is relevant, OCSA applies the statutory definitions used in UK gambling legislation and regulatory guidance.

THE OCSA CODE OF PRACTICE

Seven Pillars of a Fair Competition Industry

1. Transparency and Honest Information

Operators must provide clear, accurate and complete information at all times, including:

  • full prize descriptions

  • ticket caps and real-time ticket counts

  • accurate probabilities of winning and losing

  • equal visibility for free entry routes

  • no misleading urgency cues

  • no hidden terms or conditions

Information must never be misleading or difficult to find.

2. Fairness and Accessibility

Competitions must be conducted fairly and impartially.

Requirements include:

  • equal access to free entry

  • fair winner selection

  • no insider entries

  • no manipulation of ticket pools

  • no pre-determined outcomes

  • no last-minute rule changes

  • clear and stable competition rules

Fairness is central to OCSA certification.

2A. Free Entry Routes and Participation Integrity

Where a competition is chance-based, operators must provide a genuine free route of entry to operate lawfully outside gambling regulation.

A free entry route must:

  • allow participation without payment

  • be clearly presented and easy to locate

  • not be materially more expensive, difficult or inconvenient than paid entry

  • result in free entries being included in the same draw pool as paid entries

  • provide an equal statistical chance of winning per entry

Assertions alone are insufficient. Operators must be able to demonstrate that free entries are properly recorded and treated equally at the point of draw.

Recognised Free Entry Models

OCSA recognises multiple lawful approaches to providing a free route of entry. Certification assessment focuses on accessibility, parity of process, and evidential fairness.

Model A — First Play Free / FPF (Online Free Entry)

Under the First Play Free (FPF) model, each participant is entitled to a single free online entry per competition (for example, one free entry per person per competition), with the option to purchase additional entries to improve their chances of winning.

This model is compliant where:

  • the free entry route is available without any purchase

  • the free entry route is clearly presented alongside paid entry

  • the free entry follows the same entry process as paid entry, but without charge

  • free entries are included in the same draw pool and treated equally

  • any anti-bot or anti-abuse measures apply equally to free and paid entry routes

OCSA notes that online free entry models such as FPF that mirror paid entry processes often provide clearer accessibility, stronger audit trails, and reduced administrative burden than postal-only free entry routes.

Model B — Postal Free Entry

Postal free entry routes may be used, provided that the route is genuine, clearly signposted, and not materially more difficult or more inconvenient than paid entry.

Operators using postal entry must be able to demonstrate that:

  • postal entries are logged accurately and in a timely manner

  • postal entries are included in the same draw pool and treated equally

  • the free route is not presented in a way that discourages or obscures its use

Anti-Abuse, Automation, and Proportionate Friction

Operators may apply proportionate technical or procedural controls to prevent automated, bulk, or fraudulent entries, including account creation, human-verification tools, and rate limiting.

Such measures are acceptable provided they:

  • serve a legitimate purpose related to fairness or integrity

  • apply equally to free and paid entry routes

  • do not materially disadvantage genuine participants

Friction introduced solely to deter free participation is not acceptable.

Clarification: Skill Questions and Promotional “Free Tickets”

The use of static, trivial, or repeated multiple-choice questions with an obviously correct answer does not constitute a genuine skill-based competition and does not remove the requirement for a compliant free entry route.

Promotional free entries that are conditional on purchase (for example, “buy one entry and receive one free”) do not constitute a free route of entry.

A free route of entry must allow full participation completely without payment.

2B. Fairness does not require an equal number of entries

A common misconception within the prize competition sector is that fairness requires all participants to receive the same number of entries, or that free entry routes must match paid routes in quantity.

OCSA believes that this is incorrect.

UK promotional and advertising rules explicitly permit participants to increase their chances of winning by purchasing additional entries, provided that a genuine free route of entry exists. Fairness is therefore not assessed by equalising outcomes between participants, but by ensuring equal access, equal transparency, and equal treatment of entries.

If fairness were interpreted as requiring equal numbers of entries per participant, prize competitions would be limited to a single-entry-per-person model and paid entry mechanisms would be incompatible with lawful operation. This is not the position taken by UK regulators or the ASA.

OCSA interprets fairness, consistent with ASA enforcement practice, as requiring that:

  • participants can choose to enter without payment

  • the free entry route is genuine, visible, and usable

  • free and paid entries are included in the same draw pool

  • each individual entry has an equal probability of selection

  • paid participation may lawfully increase a participant’s chances

Fairness relates to parity of access and process, not to equalisation of outcomes or entry quantities between participants.

Limits on free entry (for example, one free entry per person per competition) are permissible where they are clearly stated, reasonable, and do not render the free route illusory or tokenistic.

UK regulatory frameworks require fairness of access and equal treatment of entries, not equality of entry volume per participant. Paid participation is lawful precisely because it is optional and confers no special treatment beyond increased probability.

2C. The Team Hard Racing ruling (ASA 2021)

The Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) ruling in Team Hard Racing Ltd (A20-1083038) is sometimes misunderstood as requiring free entry routes to match paid entry routes in quantity.

OCSA believes this is not what the ruling establishes or seeks to establish.

In Team Hard Racing, the ASA upheld a complaint because the free entry route operated as a restricted and segregated pathway. Participants who entered via the free route were limited to a single entry and were not explicitly informed that they could participate further, while participants entering via only the paid route could continue to enter repeatedly in an unlimited fashion.

The ASA concluded that this structure treated free-route participants less favourably and therefore did not conduct the promotion equitably.

The ruling does not prohibit paid entries from increasing a participant’s chance of winning, nor does it require free and paid entry routes to provide the same number of entries. Instead, it confirms that free entry routes must not function as a tokenistic or terminal alternative to genuine participation.

Under First Play Free (FPF) models, free entry acts as a starting point, not an endpoint. All participants, should they wish to, receive a genuine initial free entry and retain the same opportunity to participate further on identical terms. For this reason, First Play Free models are compatible with the principles established by the ASA ruling.

3. Prize Integrity and Legality

All prizes must be legal, safe and accurately described.

Requirements include:

  • full disclosure of faults or known issues

  • accurate photographs

  • clear prize descriptions

  • compliance with all UK laws

Vehicles must be:

  • roadworthy

  • MOT-valid

  • not Category S or N write-offs

  • accurately described (age, mileage, condition, history, reg number)

  • supplied with correct documentation

Prohibited prizes include:

  • non-road-legal e-scooters

  • weapons

  • drones above legal limits

  • any prize encouraging criminality or unsafe behaviour

4. Clear Competition Classification

OCSA recognises only two valid types of competition:

A. Skill-Based Competitions

These must involve genuine skill such as logic, reasoning or analysis.
Banned elements include:

  • trivial questions

  • obvious multiple choice

  • Googleable trivia

  • questions with visible clues

Competitions failing the skill test are reclassified as chance-based.

B. Chance-Based Competitions

Most operators fall into this category.

Requirements include:

  • equal free entry

  • no chance-based prize multipliers

  • no gambling-style mechanics

  • transparent probabilities

  • audited draw processes

A full framework applies to chance-based competitions.

5. Responsible Advertising and Marketing

Operators must advertise responsibly.
The following are prohibited:

  • cartoon imagery

  • youth-orientated graphics

  • mobile-game style visuals

  • misleading countdowns

  • exaggerated claims

  • gambling-style animations

  • targeting vulnerable individuals

Advertising must be mature, responsible and transparent.

6. Player Protection and Affordability Controls

OCSA-certified operators must:

  • be strictly 18+

  • implement default monthly spend caps

  • offer voluntary lower limits

  • provide self-exclusion

  • provide annual spend summaries on request

  • monitor harmful behaviour (binge spending, spikes, late-night entries)

Player protection is a mandatory requirement.

7. Draw Integrity and Audit Compliance

Operators must ensure:

  • secure ticket allocation

  • transparent closing times

  • fair and auditable draw methods

  • no ticket changes after close

  • audited RNG or ball machine draws

  • publicly visible or verifiable draw logs

The draw must always be fair and provable.

DETAILED FRAMEWORKS

Below are the core OCSA frameworks which support the Code.

Skill-Based Competition Standard

Requirements include:

  • genuine cognitive skill

  • multi-step reasoning

  • non-Googleable challenges

  • no trivial questions

  • no visible answers

  • justification of skill level

OCSA audits skill-based competitions to ensure fairness.

Chance-Based Competition Standard

Requirements include:

  • equal free entry

  • real-time probabilities of winning

  • no cost multipliers (prize enhancement options)

  • no gambling-style UI

  • audited draw methods

  • accurate ticket caps

  • responsible advertising

  • documented prize inspection

This framework exists to protect consumers and clean up the industry.

Advertising and Visual Standards

To comply with ASA/CAP guidance, OCSA prohibits:

  • cartoon-style imagery

  • chibi or mascot characters

  • loot-box style graphics

  • emoji-heavy designs

  • confetti or celebration effects

  • neon gaming interfaces

Operators must use mature, adult-orientated design.

Prize Safety Standards

OCSA maintains specific standards for:

  • vehicles

  • electronics

  • bullion (gold and silver)

  • property

  • luxury goods

  • experiences

Each prize type must meet documented safety and legal requirements.

Operator Conduct and Ethical Standards

Operators must:

  • treat customers respectfully

  • respond to enquiries promptly

  • honour legitimate refunds

  • resolve disputes fairly

  • comply with GDPR

  • avoid manipulation or harassment

Becoming an OCSA-Certified Operator

To gain certification, operators must:

  1. Read the full OCSA Code

  2. Submit an application

  3. Provide required documentation

  4. Complete an audit

  5. Agree to random checks

  6. Renew annually

Certification demonstrates commitment to fairness and transparency.

Reporting Breaches

If you believe an operator is breaching the Code, you can report them immediately through our Report a Concern page. OCSA reviews all submissions.

Conclusion

The OCSA Standards and Code exist to protect players, promote fairness and ensure the prize competition sector operates with integrity. Certified operators demonstrate professionalism, transparency and respect for the public.